Foundations of Inference

Lecture 6

Dr. Elijah Meyer

NC State University
ST 511 - Fall 2025

2025-09-08

Checklist

– Have you joined the GitHub organization?

– Have you turned in HW-1 (due Tuesday 11:59pm)

  - Late window is by Wednesday at 11:59pm
  - Grades have a ~ 1 week turn around

– HW-2 shortly after

– Quiz 3 released this Wednesday

Goals for today

– Finish ggplot

– Set the stage for inference

Warm up question

Read this as a sentence

penguins |>
  ggplot(
    aes(
      x = body_mass_g) 
  ) +
  geom_point() +
  theme_dark()

geom_col() vs geom_bar()

What’s the difference? What would we use on these data?

# A tibble: 3 × 2
  species   total
  <fct>     <int>
1 Adelie      152
2 Chinstrap    68
3 Gentoo      124

Questions?

ggplot AE

– Clone the finish-ggplot AE (want you to see that I’m making you a new repo)

– Or go to the more-ggplot AE

Recreate